FTTH,FTTH系统结构组成详细介绍
1. Definition of FTTH
A network that supply of bandwidth equivalent to 50~100Mbps per household is possible and function of QoS(Quality of Service) is available in service aspect, and that optical fiber was established up to the household in physical aspect.
Section
Definition of FTTH
Physical Structure
ㆍIn case of apartment residence/officetel, a network that optical fiber was established up to the household terminal box
ㆍIn case of ordinary single residence, a network that optical fiber was established up to the inside household(terminal box or outlet box)
ㆍIn case of commercial building, a network that optical fiber was established up to the horizontal wiring line
Supply Service
A network that supply of voice, data, screen, broadcasting etc is possible
Bandwidth
A network to provide 50~100Mbps as well as guarantee QoS
FTTH Composition Diagram
*QoS: Quality of Service
*C Central Office
*OLT: Optical Line Terminal
*ONT: Optical Network Terminal
2. Composition Overview of FTTH Network
FTTH technology, which epochally increases transmission speed of the subscriber net by use of optical fiber, can generally divide by Home Run, AON and PON.
Home Run: Optical subscriber net is composed of optical fiber only
AON(Active Optical Network): Optical subscriber net is composed of active component(optical switch, media converter etc) where electricity is required.
PON(Passive Optical Network): Optical subscriber net is composed of passive component(optical splitter, multiplexer etc) where electricity is not required.
Embodiment Method of FTTH
1) Home Run(Point to Point) Method
Home Run Method, one piece of optical fiber being connected from the CO(Central Office) to the subscriber by point to point, can be deemed the simplest method.
2) AON Method
AON Method is the one to post a RN that accepted a active component to carry out Ethernet switching function on a proper position within subscribers area, let us say, Cabinet, Shelter, CEV or Electric Pole, from which connect to the each subscriber through optical fiber. At this time the connecting section from the CO to the RN is connected through a single optical fiber.
3) TDM-PON Method
TDM-PON Method can be divided by ATM-PON, Ethernet-PON, G-PON etc, and is the method to select and receive a signal only transmitted to him/her from the ONT(Optical Network Terminal), once the CO(Central Office) broadcast a signal to all subscribers, meanwhile the signal to be sent from the subscriber to the CO is to use respective protocol then time-division multiplexing access.
5) Features of FTTH by Composition Method
Section
Primary Features
AdvantageㆍDisadvantage
Home Run
Install optical fiber individually up to the residence by PTP
Exhaustion rate of optical backbone line and wiring network are high
Bandwidth guaranteed and favorable security owing to optical cable supply by each subscriber
Advantageous maintenance since there is no place to install outdoor
Advantage: Maintenance/bandwidth guaranteed/favorable security
Disadvantage: Network setting expense increase as optical cable consumption rate is a lot
Investment increase against optical power splitter connection box object, optical cable, conduit etc
AON
Power supply: Power supply to Ethernet switch is needed
Supply bandwidth: 100Mbps when 1Gbps shares with 10 subscribers
Operational maintenance: Since active equipment is installed outside, management against this equipment is required
Advantage: Relatively cheap equipment price by use of Ethernet switch already supplied in bulk
Disadvantage: Cost increase of power supply and maintenance due to outdoor installation of the switch. Difficult reception of broadcasting service like CATV
TDM-PON
Technology method: ATM-PON/G-PON/E-PON
Power supply: Power supply is no need because of passive component application
Supply bandwidth: 100Mbps when 1Gbps shares with 10 subscribers
Operational maintenance: Relatively favorable maintenance since active component is not existing
Advantage: Because of passive component application, power supply is no need then subsequently favorable operational maintenance. TDM(voice) support is possible from E-PON MAC etc
Disadvantage: Cryptographic technology considering a security is required since fiber is shared
Separate function for RF broadcasting service is required
Installation cost increase if there are few subscribers
WDM-PON
Power supply: Power supply is not necessary owing to passive component application
Supply bandwidth: Separate wavelength application per subscriber
Operational maintenance: Relatively favorable maintenance since active component is not existing
Advantage: Communication security guaranteed between the subscribers by PTP communication. Easy expansion of communication capacity is possible to accept
Disadvantage: Number of subscribers is determined depending on the figure of the splitter wavelength. Difficulty in both 1st stage, 2nd stage splitter reception according to subscribers distribution range and broadcasting service reception like RF video
3. In-house Communication Line facility
1) Inlet Line(inlet wiring line)
It is comprised of cable, connection material, over-currentㆍovervoltage protector, box object and plumbing facility etc necessary to connect/join outdoor line facility and in-house line facility, and is located at a diverging point between communication business entity and user.
2) MDF Room(concentrated in-house communication room)
It is a place wherein major distributing board and subsidiary facility are installed, and exchange facility, optical terminal device, switch for data and power supply facility for communication are installed, operated, and is distinguished in terms of scale and function of the facility from communication room which is installed at each building or floor.
3) Backbone Line(backbone wiring line)
Normally it is comprised of, in-house backbone line to connect DDF room and building communication room of each building, building backbone line to connect intermediary terminal box of floor communication room or in-between floor from building communication room of each building.
4) Building Communication Room
Each building of the apartment residence get installed the building communication room to switch, receive the inlet cable distributed from MDF room. In the building communication room a terminal board or building terminal box can be installed for switching connection of the inlet circuit and optical distribution box is installed in the outlet that the optical cable is entered. Also equipment such as a switch hub to receive a data circuit, and passive component, passive device, power supply facility for other information communication service and facility necessary for environmental management of communication room etc can be installed.
5) Floor Communication Room
It, a communication room normally installed by each floor of a building, means an exclusive information communication space to install inlet and outlet terminal of communication cable and distributing board, optical terminal device, 라우터, hub CATV distributor, power supply facility and subsidiary facility communication.
6) Backbone Line(backbone wiring line)
Normally it is comprised of, in-house backbone line to connect MDF room and building communication room of each building, building backbone line to connect intermediary terminal box of floor communication room or in-between floor from building communication room of each building.
7) Horizontal Line(horizontal wiring line)
It is comprised of, wiring space from intermediary terminal box installed at floor communication room or in-between floor to outlet box located at office of each floor or room of each household, wiring cable etc.
8) Household Terminal Box
Household Terminal Box means a terminal box to be installed a exclusive space of user to efficiently distributeㆍconnect communication line entered into within the household or wiring of general cable facility etc.
9) End Wiring Line
It means a wiring sphere from the outlet box located at the wall surface or office floor to the user terminal of telephone, PC etc, and various cord connects from outlet to each terminal.
4. Material and Equipment to Compose FTTH
1)광케이블
광케이블= optical cable, 옥내용= for indoor, 일반형= ordinary type, 리본형= ribbon type, 공기압= air pressure, 광튜브케이블= optical tube cable, 옥외용= for outdoor, 일반형= ordinary type, 리본형= ribbon type, 공기압= air pressure, 광튜브케이블= optical tube cable
✓ Optical Cable Structure for Loose Tube and Dry Core
광섬유(250ℳm)= optical fiber, 충진젤리= filling jelly, 튜브= tube, 중심 인장선(철심)= tensile strength string of center(steel core), 방수테이프= waterproof tape, 외부인장선= exterior tensile strength string, 외부시스= exterior sys
✓ Ordinary Type Distribution Cable for Indoor
광섬유= optical fiber, PVC 코팅= PVC coating, 아라미드 얀(강대/인장선)= aramid yarn(강대/tensile strength string), 시스= sys
2)UTP(Unshielded Twisted Pair) Cable
UTP Category5e 4Pair Cable
Connects from the photoelectric transformer of household to the outlet, and connects from the outlet to the terminal.
UTP Category3 4Pair Cable
uses for voice.
3) Fiber Distribution Frame (FDF)
Fiber Distribution Box is meant to say a optical line conduit connection material which can be installed, operated at the concentrated in-house communication room, building communication room etc so as to carry out functions of connection, distribution and switching of optical subscriber transmission device or between intermediary terminal and exterior optical line conduit. Fiber Distribution Box should be a structure easy to treat with other remaining strings in terms of connection, distribution and storage etc according to fusion connection application of optical connection of on-site assembly type and existing optical jumper cord, and the minimum allowable bend radius of the optical fiber should maintain over 30mm.
4) Concentrated In-House Communication Room(MDF)
It is a place wherein major distributing board and subsidiary facility are installed, and exchange facility, optical terminal device, switch for data etc and power supply facility for communication are installed, operated.
5) Building Communication Room
At the each building of the apartment residence the building communication room is installed to switch, receive the inlet cable distributed from the concentrated in-house communication room.
6) Household Terminal Box
Household Terminal Box is meant to be installed at a exclusive space of the user so as to efficiently distribute connect the communication line conduit entering into the household or wiring of the general cable facility etc.
* 동단자함= building terminal box, 거실= living room, 110블락= 110 block, 방= room, 광케이블(data)= optical cable(data), 광전변환장치= optical conversion device, 접지형전원시설= earthing-type power supply facility
7) Optical Outlet
Optical Outlet, a in-house communication net termination system to be directly connected into the monitor of the user within the household by cable, should be small and its bend radius should maintain at 25mm. And it should not only accommodate a various optical connector but also be a structure to protect for the optical connector of outlet box from outside.
* 여장처리= treatment of remaining strings, 광커넥터= optical connector, 세대단자함= household terminal box